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"Et tu, Brute?" () is a Latin phrase meaning "and you, Brutus?" or "you, too, Brutus?", purportedly as the last words of the Roman dictator Julius Caesar to his friend Marcus Brutus at the moment of his assassination. The quotation is widely used in English-speaking world to signify the utmost unexpected betrayal by a person, such as a friend. The fame of the quotation is entirely due to its occurrence in William Shakespeare's play ''Julius Caesar'', as Caesar utters these words as he is being stabbed to death, having recognized his friend and protégé Brutus among the assassins. However, there is no evidence that Caesar actually said these words.〔Henle, Robert J., S.J. ''Henle Latin Year 1'' Chicago: Loyola Press 1945〕 Another common translation for the phrase is "You too, Brutus?". Literally, the Latin phrase translates to "and" (or "also") "you, Brutus?". The name "Brutus", a second declension masculine noun, appears in the phrase in the vocative case, and so the ''-us'' ending of the nominative case is replaced by ''-e''. == Context == On March 15 (the Ides of March), 44 BC, Caesar was attacked by a group of senators, including Marcus Junius Brutus, Caesar's friend and protégé. Caesar initially resisted his attackers, but when he saw Brutus, he supposedly spoke those words and resigned himself to his fate. Caesar's last words are not known with certainty and are a contested subject among historians. The phrase ''Et tu, Brute?'' maintains its familiarity from William Shakespeare's play ''Julius Caesar'' (1599), where it actually forms the first half of a macaronic line: "''Et tu, Brute?'' Then fall, Caesar!"〔(''Julius Caesar'', Act 3, Scene 1, Line 77 )〕 Shakespeare in turn was making use of a phrase already in common use in his time: it appears for example, in Richard Eedes's Latin play ''Caesar Interfectus'' of 1582 and ''The True Tragedie of Richarde Duke of Yorke &c'' of 1595, the earliest printed version of ''Henry VI, Part 3''. The phrase follows in the tradition of the Roman historian Suetonius, who reports that others have claimed Caesar's last words were the Greek phrase "", transliterated as "''Kai sy, teknon?''".〔''...uno modo ad primum ictum gemitu sine voce edito; etsi tradiderunt quidam Marco Bruto irruenti dixisse "καὶ σύ, τέκνον;".'' De Vita Caesarum, Liber I, Divus Iulius, LXXXII.〕 The phrase means "You too, child?" or "You too, young man?" but has commonly been interpreted as meaning "You too, ''my'' child?" (''Tu quoque, mi fili'' in Latin) and taken as an indication that Brutus was Caesar's illegitimate son. There is no reliable evidence that Caesar ever spoke the words. Suetonius himself claims Caesar said nothing as he died, and that others only reported that Caesar said that phrase after recognizing Brutus.〔Suetonius, ''The Lives of Twelve Caesars'', Life of Julius Caesar (82.2 )〕〔The Alexander Thomson translation, OCLC 224612692〕〔Suetonius, ''The Lives of Twelve Caesars'', Life of Julius Caesar, (translation by JC Rolfe )〕 Plutarch also reports that Caesar said nothing and merely pulled his toga over his head when he saw Brutus among the conspirators.〔Plutarch, ''The Parallel Lives'', Life of Caesar (66.9 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Et tu, Brute?」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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